2

Indicated power – IP = PmepLAN Where Pmep – 6 bar – mean effective pressure - 6 x 100 kN/m2 L – Length of stroke in m

Assuming CV of gas used as 21,500 kj/m3 at NTP instead of 21,500 kJ/kg at NTH Heat supplied by fuel in kJ/sec. = 0.00300 x 21,500

Fig. shows construction of simple catalytic converter exhaust fan as it enters the converter all three pollutions namely HC CO and NOX oxidizes and reduce is to the component which are acceptable to the environment, This occurs due to chemical reaction and at 600 to 7000 c temperature.

1) Friction Power:- The difference between indicated power and brake power.  It is the power lost in friction FP =IP -BP

Brake Power Engine (BP)engine = 16.2 kW Brake Power developed when 1st Cylinder cut-off ( BP )2,3,4 = 11.5 kW Brake Power developed when 2nd Cylinder cut-off ( BP )1,3,4 = 11.6 kW Brake Power developed when 3 rdCylinder cut-off ( BP )1,2,4 = 11.68 kW Brake Power developed when 4 thCylinder cut-off ( BP )1,2,3 = 11.5 kW Indicated Power of 1st cylinder IP1 = (BP)engine - ( BP )2,3,4 = 16.2 – 11.5 = 4.7 kW IP2 = (BP)engine - ( BP )1,3,4 = 16.2 – 11.6 = 4.6 kW IP3 = (BP)engine - ( BP )1,3,4 = 16.2 – 11.68 = 4.52 kW IP4 = (BP)engine - ( BP )1,2,3 = 16.2 – 11.5 = 4.7 kW Indicated Power of Engine

i) Heat Balance Sheet :-The complete record of heat supplied and heat rejected during a certain time(Say one minute)by an IC engine is entered in a tabulated form called as heat balance sheet. i) Heat supplied by the fuel= Mf x C  where Mf= mass of fuel supplied in Kg/min C = Lower calorific value of fuel kj/kg  

a) i) Stroke – Distance travelled by piston from one dead Centre to other dead Centre (Say TDC to BDC). ii) Bore:- The nominal Inner diameter of engine cylinder is called cylinder bore. iii) Piston Speed- Distance traveled by piston in one minute.(= 2LN m/min.) iv) The Mean Effective Pressure (MEP) :-It is a fictitious pressure that, if it operated on the piston during the entire power stroke, would produce the same amount of net work as that produced during the actual cycle.

C) Catalytic Convertor: -. A catalytic converter is cylindrical unit about the size of small silencer and is installed into exhaust system of vehicle. It converts the harmful gases from the engine into harmless gases and escapes them into atmosphere. Inside converter there is honeycomb structure of ceramic or metal which is coated with alumina base material and therefore a second coating of precious metal platinum, palladium or rhodium or combination of same.