Following are the applications of gas turbine
1. It is used for electric power generation.
2. It is used for locomotive propulsion.
3. It is used for ship propulsion.
4. Gas turbine is used in aircrafts.
5. It is used for supercharging for heavy duty Diesel engines.
6. Used in turbo jet and turbo-propeller engine.
7. It is used for various industrial purpose such as in steel industry, oil and other chemical industry.
Following are the applications of compressed air
1) To drive air motors in coal mines.
2) To inject fuel in air injection diesel engines.
3) To operate pneumatic drills, hammers, hoists, sand blasters.
4) For cleaning purposes.
5) To cool large buildings.
6) In the processing of food and farm maintenance.
7) For spray painting in paint industry.
8) In automobile & railway braking systems.
9) To operate air tools like air guns.
10) To hold & index cutting tools on machines like milling
Sketch of window air conditioner
The major air pollutants emitted by petrol & diesel engines are CO2, CO, HC, NOx, SO2, smoke & lead vapour.
Effect of CO: Carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin forming carboy
hemoglobin ,which reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood. This leads to laziness, exhaustion of body & headache. Prolong exposure can even leads to death. It also affects cardiovascular system, thereby causing heart problem Effect of CO2: Causes respiratory disorder & suffocation.
Applications of Reciprocating Compressor 1. In spray painting shop. 2. In workshop for cleaning machines. 3. For operation of pneumatic tool like rock drill, vibrator etc. 4. In automobile service station to clean vehicle. 5. To drive air motors in coal mines. 6. Food and beverage industry
Following are the methods to improve efficiency of air compressor 1. Cooling cylinder by spraying water during compression stroke. 2. Circulation of water surrounding to cylinder by providing jackets 3. Installing inter cooler between two cylinders 4. Providing greater fins on cylinder 5. By selecting suitable material for cylinder 6. By providing suitable choice of cylinder proportions i.e. short stroke and large bore in construction with sleeve valve Two stage reciprocating air compressor :
Superimposed P-V Diagram of Otto, Diesel & Duel Cycle: A comparison of the cycles (Otto, Diesel and Dual) on the p-v and T-s diagrams for the same compression ratio and heat supplied is shown in the Fig. Since all the cycles reject their heat at the same specific volume, process line from state 4 to 1, the quantity of heat rejected from each cycle is represented by the appropriate area under the line 4 to 1 on the T-s diagram. As is evident from the cycle which has the least heat rejected will have the highest efficiency.
Catalytic converter:
